Jean- Jacques Rousseau > By Individual Philosopher > Philosophy. Introduction . A brilliant, undisciplined and unconventional thinker throughout his colourful life, his views on Philosophy of Education and on religion were equally controversial but nevertheless influential. He is considered to have invented modern autobiography and his novel . He also made important contributions to music, both as a theorist and as a composer. Rousseau was born on 2. June 1. 71. 2 in Geneva, Switzerland (although he spent most of his life in France, he always described himself as a citizen of Geneva). His mother, Suzanne Bernard, died just nine days after his birth from birth complications.

Jean- Jacques Rousseau > By Individual Philosopher > Philosophy. Introduction . A brilliant, undisciplined and unconventional thinker throughout his colourful life, his views on Philosophy of Education and on religion were equally controversial but nevertheless influential. He is considered to have invented modern autobiography and his novel . He also made important contributions to music, both as a theorist and as a composer. Rousseau was born on 2. June 1. 71. 2 in Geneva, Switzerland (although he spent most of his life in France, he always described himself as a citizen of Geneva). His mother, Suzanne Bernard, died just nine days after his birth from birth complications.

His father, Isaac Rousseau, a failed watchmaker, abandoned him in 1. Rousseau was cared for by an uncle who sent him to study in the village of Bosey.

His only sibling, an older brother, ran away from home when Rousseau was still a child. His childhood education consisted solely of reading the Plutarch's . His youthful experiences of corporal punishment at the hands of the pastor's sister developed in later life into a predilection for masochism and exhibitionism. For several years as a youth, he was apprenticed to a notary and then to an engraver.

Political Philosophy Lecture 4 JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU (1712-78) Michel So

In 1. 72. 8, at the age of 1. Rousseau left Geneva for Annecy in south- eastern France, where he met Fran. She later became his lover, but she also provided him with the education of a nobleman by sending him to a good Catholic school, where Rousseau became familiar with Latin and the dramatic arts, in addition to studying Aristotle. During this time he earned money through secretarial, teaching and musical jobs. In 1. 74. 2, he moved to Paris with the intention of becoming a musician and composer. He presented his new system of numbered musical notation to the Acad. He was secretary to the French ambassador in Venice for 1.

Paris to avoid prosecution by the Venetian Senate (he often referred to the republican government of Venice in his later political work). Back in Paris, he befriended and lived with Th. However, the friendship soon became strained and Diderot later described Rousseau as being .

He also continued his interest in music and his popular opera . He was outspoken in his defence of Italian music against the music of popular French composers such as Jean- Philippe Rameau (1.

A brief discussion of the life and works of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, with links to electronic texts and additional information.

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In 1. 75. 4, he returned to Geneva where he re- converted to Calvinism and regained his official Genevan citizenship. In 1. 75. 5, Rousseau completed his second major work, the . However, it also caused him to gradually become estranged from his former friends such as Diderot and the Baron von Grimm and from benefactors such as Madame d'Epinay, although he continued to enjoy the support and patronage of one of the wealthiest nobles in France, the Duc de Luxembourg. In 1. 76. 1, Rousseau published the successful romantic novel . In 1. 76. 2, he published two major books, .

The books criticized religion and were banned in France and Geneva, and Rousseau was forced to flee. He made stops in Bern, Germany and in M.

However, when his house in M. The following year, he went through a legally invalid marriage to his mistress Th. One of the conditions of his return was that he was not allowed to publish any books, but after completing his . He was ordered to stop by the police, and the . Sixteen years later, his remains were moved to the Panth. This idea of the natural goodness of humanity has often led to the attribution the idea of the .

For Rousseau, society's negative influence on men centers on its transformation of . Moreover, the opportunities they created for idleness and luxury contributed to the corruption of man, undermined the possibility of true friendship (by replacing it with jealousy, fear and suspicion), and made governments more powerful at the expense of individual liberty. Forced to associate together more closely by the pressure of population growth, man underwent a psychological transformation and came to value the good opinion of others as an essential component of their own well- being, which led to a golden age of human flourishing (with the development of agriculture, metallurgy, private property and the division of labour) but which also led to inequality. Rousseau concluded from his analysis of inequality that the first state was invented as a kind of social contract, but a flawed one made at the suggestion of the rich and powerful to trick the general population and institute inequality as a fundamental feature of human society. Opening with the dramatic lines, . One man thinks himself the master of others, but remains more of a slave than they.

It should be noted that Rousseau was bitterly opposed to the idea that the people should exercise sovereignty via a representative assembly; rather, he held that they should make the laws directly, which would effectively prevent the ideal state from becoming a large society, such as France was at the time. Rousseau's views on religion were highly controversial. His view that man is good by nature conflicted with the doctrine of original sin, and his theology of nature (as well as the claims he made in . He also questioned the assumption that the will of the majority is always correct, arguing that the goal of government should be to secure freedom, equality and justice for all within the state, regardless of the will of the majority. Rousseau set out his influential views on Philosophy of Education in his semi- fictitious .

The aim of education, he argued, is to learn how to live righteously, and this should be accomplished by following a guardian (preferably in the countryside, away from the bad habits of the city) who can guide his pupil through various contrived learning experiences. He minimized the importance of book learning and placed a special emphasis on learning by experience, and he recommended that a child's emotions should be educated before his reason. He took the subordination of women as read, however, and envisaged a very different educational process for women, who were to be educated to be governed rather than to govern.

Rousseau Political Philosophy Pdf Papers

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712 - 1778) was a French philosopher and writer of the Age of Enlightenment. His Political Philosophy, particularly his formulation of social contract theory (or Contractarianism).
• ROUSSEAU AND SPINOZA THEIR POLITICAL THEORIES AND THEIR CONCEPTION OF ETHICAL FREEDOM 'There is no secular work in all the history of mankind which has stirred society to its depths so vehemently as did the Contrat Social.'.
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau. 1771-3 at the Internet Archive PDF (4.23 MB). Arash (2001), 'Banishing the Particular: Rousseau on Rhetoric, Patrie, and the Passions', Political Theory, 29 (4).

Online Library of Liberty. This is a facsimile or image-based PDF made from scans. From this and other circumstances it has commonly been inferred that we have bere the first draft of Rousseau’s political philosophy.